Oldenburg is an Independent City in Lower Saxony, Germany. These are placed in a american a share of the state between the cities of Bremen and Groningen, Netherlands at the Hunte river. It hwhen the people of 157,868 (as of 2004) which makes it the for large around Lower Saxony fallowing Hanover, Brunswick and Osnabrück.

History
A town was number 1 mentioned within 1108, at that time known under a title of Aldenburg. It became crucial due to its location at the ford of the navigable Hunte river. Oldenburg became the little county in the shadow of the tremendously extra right Hanseatic city of Bremen.

the earliest recorded habitant of the territorial dominion okay, known as Oldenburg were a Teutonic people, the Chauci, who were afterward merged in the Frisians. A genealogy of the numbers of Oldenburg may be traced to the Saxon hero, Widukind, the opponent of Charlemagne, but their 1st historical representative is Elimar of Oldenburg (d. 1108). Elimars descendent come out when vassals, although sometimes rebellious ones, of the dukes of Saxony; but it attained a dignity of princes of a empire after the emperor Frederick I dismembered the Saxon dukedom around 1189. At this instance a county of Delmenhorst formed part of the dominions of the numbers of Oldenburg, however later on it get on many occasions separated from either the babies to form an apanage for immature branches of the personal. This was a instance between 1262 and 1447, between 1463 and 1547, and between 1577 and 1617.

A northern & american area of the present grand-duchy of Oldenburg were in the paws of independent, or even semi-independent, Frisian princes, world health organization were unremarkably heathens, and when you took a early a share of the 13th century the counts carried within the series of wars by having these little dictator which resulted in the gradual expansion of their territory. A loose city of Bremen and the bishop of Munster were also oftentimes at war using a numbers of Oldenburg.

Within 1448, the successor of Count Dietrich (d. 1440), called Fortunatus, was his boy Christian, world health organization became king of Denmark under the title Christian I. Although far out of the Danish borders, Oldenburg was currently a Danish exclave. A control on top a town was left to the king's brothers, world health organization established the short reign of tyranny.

Around 1450 Christian became king of Norway and in 1457 king of Sweden; in 1460 he inherited the dukedom of Schleswig and the county of Holstein, an event of high importance for the future history of Oldenburg. Within 1454 he handed over Oldenburg to his brother Gerhard (about 1430-1499) a uncivilized prince, world health organization was constantly at war using a bishop of Bremen and other neighbors. Around 1483 Gerhard was compelled to abdicate inside favor of his sons, & he died when in the pilgrim's journey in Spain.

Early in the 16th century Oldenburg was again enlarged at a expense of the Frisians. Protestantism was introduced into the county by Count Anton I (1505-1573), who likewise suppressed a monasteries; even so, he remained firm to Charles V during the war of the league of Schmalkalden, and was respire so to increase his territories, obtaining Delmenhorst around 1547. One of Anton's brothers, Count Christopher of Oldenburg (about 1506-1560), won some reputation as a soldier.

Anton's grandson, Anton Gunther (1583-1667), who succeeded inside 1603, considered himself the wisest prince world health organization got however ruled Oldenburg. Jever had been acquired before he became count, however around 1624 he added Knyphausen and Varel to his lands, with which within 1647 Delmenhorst was finally united. By his neutrality when you took a Thirty Years War and by donating valuable horses to warlord Count of Tilly, Anton Gunther secured for his dominions an immunity from a terrible devastations to which 100% a more states of Germany were contaminated. He besides found from either a emperor the right to levy tolls on vessels communicate a Weser, the remunerative grant which presently formed a poop addition to his resources. Within 1607 he erected a Renaissance castle.

Oldenburg was the moneyed town within the period of war & terror & its people & power well grew. Fallowing a dying of Anton-Günther Oldenburg fell once more under Danish authority. Around 1667 the town was struck by the fatal plague epidemic, and shortly fallowing the fire destroyed Oldenburg. A Danish kings were non great deal concerned around helping a town, therefore that it misplaced its importance totally.

Around 1773 the Danish rule ended, and Oldenburg became the dukedom. It was sole okay,, that the ruined buildings were rebuilt around a Classicist style. Within 1810-14 Oldenburg was occupied by France. Inside 1893 a canal connecting a Hunte & the Ems rivers was finished, hence connecting a port of Oldenburg by owning the North Sea. Okay, a town gained economic importance. It remained the dukedom until 1918.

When World War II in 1945, Oldenburg grows to more than 100,000 citizens while refugees migrated into the city that was simply meagerly bombed during World War II.

Economy and Infrastructure

Traffic
the central city of Oldenburg is surrounded by a ring of main road (Autobahnen) consisting of A28, A29 and A293. Oldenburg is a share of the railroad connections between Norddeich-Leer-Oldenburg-Bremen and Wilhelmshaven-Oldenburg-Osnabrück. InterCity railroad connections to Berlin, Leipzig and Dresden and an InterCity Express connection to Frankfurt exist.

Oldenburg is attached to transport through the Küstenkanal, the ship canal connecting the lakes Ems and Weser. Using Unity.6 Million rafts of goods annually these are a first non-coastal harbor inside Lower Saxony.

Wheel play the crucial section within portable transport. Media
Nordwest-Zeitung, day-after-day newspaper for the region Oldenburger Stachel, guide every month newspaper Oldenburger Sonntagszeitung, each week newspaper Huntereport, every week newspaper sisol, school information Oldenburg Eins, open TV and Radio station

Education
Carl von Ossietzky University, founded 1973 and named fallowing Carl von Ossietzky ([http://www.uni-oldenburg.de/ Website]) Fachhochschule (University of Applied Sciences) Oldenburg, founded 1971 ([http://www.fh-oow.de/ Website])

Agriculture

the city is inside a largely agrarian front yard. There are farms touching & possibly in the city. Most common agrarian activities come a cultivation of farm animal (especially milcher & more grazing animate being) & crops like asparagus, corn, & kale.

Personalities
Honorary Citizens
1917: Paul von Hindenburg, General and later President of Germany during the Weimar Republic 1928: Dr. h.c. Helene Lange, Politician (DDP) and women's rights activist 1944: August Hinrichs, Artist 1961: Prof. Bernhard Winter, Painter 1963: Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Karl Jaspers, Philosopher, Psychiatrist and political author 1992: Horst Janssen, Artist Within 1937 Adolf Hitler and Karl Röver were made Honorary Citizens, but this was reverted within 1948

Famous People from Oldenburg
1683, Burkhard Christoph von Munnich, † 1767, military commander, political figure 1776, May 4: Johann Friedrich Herbart, † August 14 1841 Göttingen, Philosopher, Psychologist and Teacher 1803: Markus Nathan Adler, † 1890, Rabbi 1818, December 21: Marie Frederike Amelie, Princess of Oldenburg and Queen of Greece 1836-1862 † Bamberg May 20 1875 1842, February 5: Karl Graf von Wedel, † December 30 1919 Stockholm, Governor of Alsace-Lorraine (Elsaß-Lothringen) between 1907-14 1848, April 9: Helene Lange, † May 13 1930 Berlin, Politician, Teacher and women's rights activist 1852, November 16: Friedrich August, Duke of Oldenburg 1900-18 1865, July 22: Dr. Karl Rudolf Heinze, † May 28 1928 Dresden, prime minister of Saxony October 26 to November 13 1918 and Governor of Saxony 1923 1873, February 26: Johann Schütte, Airship constructor 1875, April 2: Theodor Diedrich Wilhelm Francksen, †June 14 1914, Art collector 1879, April 18: August Hinrichs, † June 20 1956 Huntlosen, Author 1883, February 23: Karl Jaspers, † February 26 1969 Basel, Philosopher and Author 1888: Theodor Pekol, † 1958, Bus constructor and operator 1894, August 17: Otto Suhr, † August 30 1957 Berlin, Politician SPD and Lord Mayor of Berlin 1934, October 7: Ulrike Meinhof, † May 9 1976 Stuttgart (suicide), Journalist and Terrorist (Red Army Faction) 1946, March 24: Su Kramer alias Gudrun Kramer, Singer 1952, July 17: Judith Jupe, Singer 1954, February 7: Dieter Bohlen, Singer 1974, May 28: Hans Jörg Butt, Soccer player

Famous People who've worked in Oldenburg
Hermann Ludwig Ehlers, *1904 Schöneberg near Berlin, †1954, Politician (CDU), President of the Bundestag, worked in the city council of Oldenburg at the beginning of his career Horst Janssen, *November 14 1929 Oldenburg, †August 31 1995 Hamburg, Artist, sleep in Oldenburg Johann Heinrich Suhrkamp, *March 23 1891 near Oldenburg, March 31 1959 Frankfurt, founder of the Suhrkamp Publishing House Cäcilie von Oldenburg, died there in 1844